Troubleshooting Your Garden Compost Pile

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[ Music ]On screen text. Washington State University Extension presents Troubleshooting Your Garden Compost Pile.
Composting is a natural way to turn garden debris and food scraps into a beneficial soil amendment.A pile of compost. On the left, food scraps such as onion skins, bell pepper, and shrimp visible among the brown soil. On the right, a green plant grows from the blended soil.
It recycles organic matter and reduces the amount entering our solid waste systems.Views of various wooden slat square bins filled with organic material.
If you need information or plans for building a compost bin, check out our website.Text on screen:

Extension dot W S U dot E D U slash Spokane slash the dash essentials dash of dash composting.

Photo of food waste in a pile. The Essentials of Composting. Don't Waste Your Waste.
Composting is a fairly simple process, but it does require some maintenance and sometimes some troubleshooting.A person rubs compost through their fingers as they take a measurement with a thermometer. Then, a person uses a shovel to turn a pile of compost while another person sprays it with water.
This video was created to help garden composters figure out what's wrong with their compost pile.Close up views of the material in a compost pile.
Sometimes a compost pile will start to smell bad.

This can happen if there isn't enough air moving through the pile, and it could be caused by overwatering.
Close up of compost.
Check the size of the compost pile.

If it's larger than about 5 feet tall, wide, and deep, this may be the problem.
A large compost pile sits on the ground. It is not in a bin.

A tall pile of leaves sits on the ground in a wooded area.
Compost piles that are too large can't allow for sufficient airflow.A tall compost pile is contained in a metal bin.
Turning a pile regularly does allow for increased air circulation.A person turns a compost pile with a rake.
However, if the pile is too large, simply turning it may not solve the issue. A large compost pile in a wooden structure.
If you notice the materials in the pile are compacted or too wet, you can add some bulking agents, often called browns.Text on screen:

High in Carbon - Browns or bulking agent.
These include things like dry leaves, plant stalks, wood chips, or straw mulch.People add these items to their compost piles. Then, a person turns their pile with a rake.
Adding these should increase aeration in the pile and soak up excess water.

The pile should stop smelling within a day or two.
Then, a person turns their pile with a rake.
If this doesn't work, a last resort is to spread the pile back out and expose it to the air.A person spreads compost on a large blue tarp.
Excess water should evaporate or infiltrate into the soil within a few days, and you can rebuild the compost pile.Close up footage of compost spread out on a large blue tarp.
A compost pile will heat up noticeably as the decomposing process begins.A person places a compost thermometer into a compost pile.
You can use a compost thermometer to confirm this, or just feel the interior of the pile with your hands, but be careful, as compost can get hot enough to actually burn.A compost thermometer in original packaging.

A person pushes the top layer of compost away, revealing the compost beneath. They feel for temperature.

Text on screen reads 120 degrees to 150 degrees.
If the pile isn't getting hot, one possibility is that the pile is too small.A compost thermometer reads 62 degrees. This is below the green zone shown on the thermometer's face.
If the pile is less than 3 feet tall, wide, and deep, it doesn't have enough volume.A large 3 bin compost unit shows three small piles of compost.
If the pile is large enough, check the center of the pile for moisture.A person digs into the center of a compost pile with their hand and feels for moisture.
If even the center of the pile is dry, add some more water and mix well.A person adds water to a compost pile with a blue plastic watering can.
What if the pile has enough water, but still isn't heating up?A compost bin is shown that has a pile reaching almost to the top of the bin.
It could be a lack of materials with nitrogen, sometimes called the greens.Text on screen reads, High in Nitrogen - Greens or Energy Material.
Add materials like untreated grass clippings, coffee grounds, fruit and vegetable scraps, or safe manures like cow, sheep, or rabbit.Montage of footage showing a wheelbarrow full of grass clippings, and compost bins with coffee grounds and fruit and vegetable scraps.

Next four thumbnail video clips show cows, rabbits, sheep, and chickens.
Mix them into the pile.

You shouldn't need to add more water as these materials often have enough moisture on their own.
A person rakes a pile of wet compost.
You might have problems in your compost pile that we haven't covered in this short video.A still image of the contents of a compost bin.
If so, you can contact the WSU Extension Spokane County Master Gardeners if you have questions.On screen text. For more information. Spokane County Master Gardeners. Extension dot W S U dot E D U slash Spokane slash M G slash. The Essentials of Composting. Extension dot W S U dot E D U slash Spokane slash the dash essentials dash of dash composting. A Q R code in the center bottom of the screen.
You can also visit the website for the Spokane County Master Composter/Recyclers on this topic, and lots more.A screenshot of the Spokane County Master Composter/Recycler Program website.
[ Music ]Credits. Produced by C A H N R S Communications, Washington State University. Executive Producers, Tammy Wilson, Tim Kohlhauff, W S U Extension, Spokane County. Thanks to W S U Extension Master Gardener Volunteers, Master Gardener Foundation of Spokane County, Master Composters/Recyclers. Funding provided by Washington State Department of Ecology. This material is funded through a Public Participant Grant from the Washington State Department of Ecology. Ecology reviewed the content for grant consistency but does not necessarily endorse it. Washington State University Extension.